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オーストラリア各地で、ゴミ収集の仕組みが大きく変わりつつある。自治体と住民が協力し、廃棄物削減と資源リサイクルの新たな取り組みを進めている。

従来の週1回のゴミ収集から、分別の細分化や収集頻度の変更など、各自治体が独自の施策を導入。特に食品廃棄物の堆肥化（コンポスト）プログラムが全国的に広がりを見せている。

日本との比較で興味深いのは、分別文化の違いだ。日本は世界でも有数のゴミ分別先進国として知られるが、オーストラリアでは長らく分別意識が低いとされてきた。しかし近年、環境意識の高まりとともに急速にその認識が変わりつつある。

一部の自治体では、一般ゴミの収集を2週間に1回に減らし、代わりにリサイクル品や有機廃棄物の収集を増やすという大胆な改革も実施。住民からは賛否両論あるが、埋め立てゴミの削減には一定の効果が出ているという。オーストラリアで生活する日本人にとっても、新しいルールの把握が重要になっている。

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